Getting Started
This tutorial will cover different options for getting a Gluster cluster up and running. Here is a rundown of the steps we need to do.
To start, we will go over some common things you will need to know for setting up Gluster.
Next, choose the method you want to use to set up your first cluster: - Within a virtual machine - To bare metal servers - To EC2 instances in Amazon
Finally, we will install Gluster, create a few volumes, and test using them.
Common Setup Criteria
No matter where you will be installing Gluster, it helps to understand a few key concepts on what the moving parts are.
First, it is important to understand that GlusterFS isn’t really a filesystem in and of itself. It concatenates existing filesystems into one (or more) big chunks so that data being written into or read out of Gluster gets distributed across multiple hosts simultaneously. This means that you can use space from any host that you have available. Typically, XFS is recommended but it can be used with other filesystems as well. Most commonly EXT4 is used when XFS isn’t, but you can (and many, many people do) use another filesystem that suits you. Now that we understand that, we can define a few of the common terms used in Gluster.
- A trusted pool refers collectively to the hosts in a given Gluster Cluster.
- A node or “server” refers to any server that is part of a trusted pool. In general, this assumes all nodes are in the same trusted pool.
- A brick is used to refer to any device (really this means filesystem) that is being used for Gluster storage.
- An export refers to the mount path of the brick(s) on a given server, for example, /export/brick1
- The term Global Namespace is a fancy way of saying a Gluster volume
- A Gluster volume is a collection of one or more bricks (of course, typically this is two or more). This is analagous to /etc/exports entries for NFS.
- GNFS and kNFS. GNFS is how we refer to our inline NFS server. kNFS stands for kernel NFS, or, as most people would say, just plain NFS. Most often, you will want kNFS services disabled on the Gluster nodes. Gluster NFS doesn't take any additional configuration and works just like you would expect with NFSv3. It is possible to configure Gluster and NFS to live in harmony if you want to.
Other notes:
- For this test, if you do not have DNS set up, you can get away with using /etc/hosts entries for the two nodes. However, when you move from this basic setup to using Gluster in production, correct DNS entries (forward and reverse) and NTP are essential.
- When you install the Operating System, do not format the Gluster storage disks! We will use specific settings with the mkfs command later on when we set up Gluster. If you are testing with a single disk (not recommended), make sure to carve out a free partition or two to be used by Gluster later, so that you can format or reformat at will during your testing.
- Firewalls are great, except when they aren’t. For storage servers, being able to operate in a trusted environment without firewalls can mean huge gains in performance, and is recommended.
Click here to get started